Artikelname: Amphibians and Reptiles in Bulgaria
Artikelbeschreibung:
A marvelous, well-designed full-colour guide to the Bulgarian amphibians and reptiles containig a lot of information about the history of research of these animals in Bulgaria, as well as data on taxonomy, distribution, ecology, biology and conservation of all 54 Bulgarian species.
Contents
Introduction ; The Fire Salamander; The Alpine Newt; The Smooth Newt; The Crested Newt; The Fire-bellied Toad; The Yellow-bellied Toad; The Common Spadefoot Toad; The Syrian (Balkan) Spadefoot; The Common Toad; The Green Toad; The European Tree Frog; The Agile Frog; The Common Frog; The Stream Frog; The Lake Frog; The Edible Frog; The European Pond Terrapin; The Caspian Terrapin; Hermann’s Tortoise; The Mediterranean Spur-thighed Tortoise; Kotschy’s Gecko; The Snake-eyed Skink; The Slow Worm; The European glass Lizard; The Sand Lizard; The Meadow Lizard; The Three-lined Lizard; The Green Lizard; The Common Lizard; Erhard’s Wall Lizard; The Common Wall Lizard; The Balkan Wall Lizard; The Snake-eyed Lizard; The Vermiform Blind Snake; The Javelin Sand Boa; The European Whip Snake; Dahl’s Whip Snake; The Red-headed Whip Snake; The Aesculapian Snake; The Leopard Snake; The Four-lined Snake; The Grass Snake; The Dice Snake; The Smooth Snake; The Montpellier Snake; The Cat Snake; The Nose-horned Viper; The Adder; The Meadow Viper; The Asp Viper; The Green Turtle; The Loggerhead; References
Artikelname: Amphibians of the Russian Far East
Artikelbeschreibung:
A fundamental review of the 11 species of amphibians (2 Caudata and 9 Anura) of the Russian Far East, within Primorye and Khabarovskii regions, Amurskaya, Chitinskaya, Magadanskaya, Kamchatskaya and Sakhalinskaya provinces, Evreiskaya Autonomous Province, as well as Aginskii Buryatskii, Chukotskii and Koryakskii autonomous regions. All species and their habitats are illustrated in color and supplied with maps of records for each region, with full cadastra. Each species supplied with full list of synonyms and a detailed description of the morphology, geography, habitats, abundance, activity cycles, reproduction, ontogenesis, feeding, natural enemies and parasites, the influence of anthropogenic factors and problems of conservation. A detailed history of amphibian studies, including the description of traditional views of aboriginal people, is presented. Keys are given to eggs, the larvae and the adults of all amphibian species. Composition and history of the amphibian fauna, including the discussion on possible pathways of colonization of Pacific islands, are discussed. Full bibliography includes 841 references.
Contents
Chapter 1. Geography of the Area
Chapter 2. History of Studies
Chapter 3. Keys for Species Identification
3.1. Spawn
3.1.1. Caudata
3.1.2. Anura
3.2. Larvae
3.2.1. Caudata
3.2.3. Anura
3.3. Adults
3.3.1. Caudata
3.3.2. Anura
Chapter 4. Species Accounts
4.1. Tailed Amphibians, Caudata Oppel, 1871
4.1.1. Asiatic Salamanders, Hynobiidae Cope, 1860
Siberian Newts, Salamandrella Dybowski, 1870
Long-Tailed Clawed Salamander, Onychodactylus fischeri (Boulenger, 1886)
4.2. Tailless Amphibians, Anura Rafinesque, 1815
4.2.1. Disc-Tongued Frogs, Discoglossidae Cope, 1865
Fire-Bellied Toads, Bombina Oken, 1816
4.2.2. Toads, Bufonidae Gray, 1825
Toads, Bufo Laurenti, 1768
4.2.3. Tree Frogs, Hylidae Gray, 1825
Tree Frogs, Hyla Laurenti, 1768
4.2.4. True Frogs, Ranidae Gray, 1825
True Frogs, Rana Linni, 1758
4.3. Misidentified or Expected Species
Chapter 5. General Characterization of the Ecology and Fauna
5.1. Comparative Ecology and Assemblage Structure
5.2. Composition the Fauna, Species Richness and Regionalization
5.3. History of the Fauna
Chapter 6. Problems of Population Declines and Species Conservation
Artikelname: An Atlas of the Reptiles of North Eurasia. Taxonomic Diversity, Distribution, Conservation Status
Artikelbeschreibung:
This richly illustrated book presents up-to-date information on all the species and subspecies of turtles (7 species), lizards (112 species) and snakes (74 species) inhabiting the region of North Eurasia, which, in accordance with a decision of the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) of June 2003, comprises the territory of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia. An attempt is made here to reflect the results of new taxonomic and phylogenetic revisions relating to the herpetological fauna of this region, but not previously published in Russian-language monographs. Detailed information on geographical distribution, with schematic maps, data on type localities and conservation status (IUCN and regional Red Lists, CITES, Bern Convention), are included in each account. The book can be used as an illustrated reference work on the reptiles of North Eurasia, while the data provided could serve as a basis for the Global Reptile Assessment (GRA). More than 400 colour illustrations are included in the book(photographs of reptiles and habitats, and maps). The book is addressed to herpetologists and conservationists, both academics and students, and all reptile lovers.
Order Testudines Batsch, 1788 Turtles and Tortoises 15
Family Cheloniidae Oppel, 1811 Marine Turtles 16
Genus Caretta Rafinesque, 1814 Loggerheads 16
Family Dermochelyidae Fitzinger, 1843 Leatherback Sea Turtles 17
Genus Dermochelys Blainville, 1816 Leatherback Sea Turtles 17
Family Trionychidae Fitzinger, 1826 Soft-shelled Turtles 18
Genus Pelodiscus Fitzinger, 1835 Soft-shelled Turtles 18
Family Emydidae Rafinesque, 1815 American Fresh Water Turtles 19
Genus Emys Dumeril, 1806 European Pond Turtles 19
Family Geoemydidae Theobald, 1868 Asian Fresh Water Turtles 21
Genus Mauremys Gray, 1869 Eurasian Fresh Water Turtles 21
Family Testudinidae Batsch, 1788 Land Tortoises 22
Genus Testudo Linnaeus, 1758 Mediterranean Tortoises 22
Genus Agrionemys Khozatsky et Mlynarski, 1966 Central Asian Tortoises 23
Superorder Squamata Oppel, 1811 Squamates 24
Order Sauria McCarthney, 1822 Lizards 24
Family Eublepharidae Boulenger, 1883 Eublepharids 28
Genus Eublepharis Gray, 1827 Fat-tailed Geckos 28
Family Gekkonidae Gray, 1825 Geckos 31
Genus Alsophylax Fitzinger, 1843 North-Asian Geckos, or Even-fingered Geckos 31
Genus Bunopus Blanford, 1974 South-Asian Geckos, or Tuberculated Geckos 34
Genus Crossobamon Boettger, 1888 Fringe-toed Geckos 34
Genus Cyrtopodion Fitzinger, 1843 Thin-toed Geckos, or Nacked-fingered Geckos 35
Genus Mediodactylus Szczerbak et Golubev, "1977" (1978) Mediterranean Thin-toed Geckos 38
Genus Teratoscincus Strauch, 1863 Plate-tailed Geckos 41
Family Agamidae Spix, 1825 Agamas, or Agamids 46
Genus Laudakia Gray, 1845 Asian Rock Agamas 46
Genus Trapelus Cuvier, 1817 Plain Agamas 50
Genus Phrynocephalus Kaup, 1825 Toad-headed Agamas, or Toad Agamas 54
Family Anguidae Gray, 1825 Anguids, or Lateral-fold Lizards 63
Genus Anguis Linnaeus, 1758 Slow Worms 64
Genus Pseudopus Merrem, 1820 Armour Glass Lizards 65
Family Scincidae Oppel, 1811 Skinks 68
Genus Ablepharus Fitzinger In Eversmann, 1823 Snake-eyed Skinks, or Lidless Skinks 69
Genus Asymblepharus Jeriomtschenko et Szczerbak, 1980 False Snake-eyed Skins 71
Genus Chalcides Laurenti, 1768 Cylindrical Skinks 72
Genus Eumeces Wiegmann, 1834 Long-legged Skinks 73
Genus Eurylepis Blyth, 1854 Shielded Skinks 74
Genus Ophiomorus Dumeril et Bibron, 1839 Snake Skinks 74
Genus Plestiodon Dumeril et Bibron, 1839 Plestiodons 75
Genus Trachylepis Fitzinger, 1843 African Mabuyas 76
Family Lacertidae Bonaparte, 1831 Lacertids, or Typical Lizards 79
Genus Darevskia Arribas, 1997 Rock Lizards 79
Genus Eremias Fitzinger In Wiegmann, 1834 Racerunners, or Desert Lacertas 92
Genus Lacerta Linnaeus, 1758 Green Lizards 102
Genus Mesalina Gray, 1838 Sand Lizards 109
Genus Ophisops Menetries, 1832 Snake-eyed Lizards 110
Genus Podarcis Wagler, 1830 Wall Lizards 111
Genus Takydromus Daudin, 1801 Oriental Grass Lizards 111
Genus Zootoca Wagler, 1830 Forest Lizards 112
Family Varanidae Gray, 1827 Monitor Lizards, or Monitors 114
Genus Varanus Merrem, 1820 Monitor Lizards 114
Order Serpentes Linnaeus, 1758 Snakes 116
Family Typhlopidae Merrem, 1820 Worm, or Blind Snakes 118
Genus Typhlops Schneider In Oppel, 1811 Worm, or Blind Snakes 118
Family Boidae Gray, 1825 Boids 122
Genus Eryx Daudin, 1803 Sand Boas 123
Family Colubridae Oppel, 1811 Colubrid Snakes 129
Genus Amphiesma Dumeril, Bibron et Dumeril, 1854 Keeled Water Snakes 130
Genus Boiga Fitzinger, 1826 Tree Snakes, Boigas 131
Genus Coluber Linnaeus, 1758 Racers 132
Genus Coronella Laurenti, 1768 Smooth Snakes 137
Genus Dinodon Dumeril, Bibron et Dumeril, 1854 Big-tooth Snakes 140
Genus Eirenis Jan, 1863 Dwarf Snakes 142
Genus Elaphe Fitzinger In Wagler, 1833 Ratsnakes 145
Genus Hierophis Fitzinger In Bonaparte, 1834 Hierophis Racers 162
Genus Oocatochus Helfenberger, 2001 Viviparous Ratsnakes 166
Genus Lycodon Boie In Fitzinger, 1826 Asian Wolf Snakes 167
Genus Lytorhynchus Peters, 1862 Awl-headed Snakes 167
Genus Malpolon Fitzinger, 1826 Montpellier Snakes 170
Genus Natrix Laurenti, 1768 Common Water Snakes 172
Genus Oligodon Boie In Fitzinger, 1826 Kukri Snakes 175
Genus Psammophis Boie In Fitzinger, 1826 Sand Snakes 175
Genus Pseudocyclophis Boettger, 1888 False Dwarf Snakes 177
Genus Ptyas Fitzinger, 1843 Asian Rat Snakes 180
Genus Rhabdophis Fitzinger, 1843 Keelbacks 181
Genus Rhynchocalamus Gunther, 1864 Rhynchocalamus Snakes 182
Genus Spalerosophis Jan In De Filippi, 1843 Diadem Snakes 182
Genus Telescopus Wagler, 1830 Cat Snakes 183
Family Elapidae Boie, 1827 Coral and Sea Snakes 185
Genus Naja Laurenti, 1768 True Cobras 185
Genus Pelamis Daudin, 1803 Pelagic Sea Snakes 186
Genus Pseudolaticaudata Kharin, 1984 False Sea Kraits 187
Family Viperidae Laurenti, 1768 Viper Snakes, or Vipers 191
Genus Gloydius Hoge et Romano-Hoge, 1981 Copperheads 192
Genus Echis Merrem, 1820 Saw-scaled Vipers 196
Genus Vipera Laurenti, 1768 Vipers 197
Genus Macrovipera Reus, 1927 Giant Vipers 232
Recommended bibliography 238
Index of Latin names 241
List of common English names 243
Artikelname: Ecological Specificity of Amphibian Populations
Artikelbeschreibung:
Studies in amphibians, started long ago in the Russian Empire and especially strongly developed in the former Soviet Union (FSU), are now being continued. Without any political background whatever, a new periodical is launched, aimed at covering all aspects of batrachology concerning the territory of the FSU, but this time published solely in English so as to make information readily available to any reader. Only entirely original papers are accepted, with the following main topics involved: reviews; methods of studies; recommendations on conservation and sustainable use; information on meetings, societies, new books; systematics; distribution (including new records, maps, and cadastre); ecology; behavior; conservation; morphology; evolution; palaeontology; physiology; biochemistry; keeping and breeding in captivity.
Contents
Ecological Specificity and Microevolution in Amphibian Populations in Urbanized Areas, by Vladimir L. Vershinin
Recent Status of Populations of the Central Asiatic Frog (Rana asiatica) in Kazakhstan. 1. Rana asiatica in the Highlands of the Central Tien-Shan Mountains (Southeastern Kazakhstan), by Tatjana N. Dujsebayeva, Nikolai N. Berezovikov and Marina A. Chirikova
Age and Allometric Variability of Body Dimensions in the Green Frogs Rana ridibunda and Rana lessonae, by Natalia M. Okulova and Alexandr S. Bogdanov
Records of Overwintering Larvae of the Siberian Newt (Salamandrella keyserlingii), by Vladimir L. Vershinin
On the Diet of the Marsh Frog (Rana ridibunda) in the Sura and Moksha Watershed, Mordovia, by Alexandr B. Ruchin and Maxim K. Ryzhov
Project on the Reintroduction of the Common Tree Frog (Hyla arborea arborea) on the Territory of Russia, by Mark V. Pestov, Andrei A. Lebedinsky,Vladimir M. Anufriev, Mikhail V. Mokrousov and Olga V. Yanchurevich
Artikelname: Evolution of the Amphibian Skull
Artikelbeschreibung:
The book is the outcome of some twenty years of work devoted to to the study of the amphibian skull development. The aims of ths work are: (i) to study the urodelan skull onthogeny; (ii) to determine correlative relationships between different cranial elements: (iii) to study the dynamic of establishment of relationships underlying specific structural patterns in the amphibian skull; (iv) to reconstruct the scenario of the phylogenetic establishment of cranial structural patterns in early tetrapods; and (v) based on the structure and development of correlative systems in the amphibian skull, to evaluate the phylogenetic affinities of recent amphibians. The book is intended for evolutionary biologists, specialists in amphibian biology and evolution, palaeontologists and anyone interested in general biology.
Contents
Introduction
Materials and methods
List of abbreviations
Chapter 1. The development of the urodelan skull
Embryonic period
Larval period
Chapter 2. Homology of the urodelan cranial bones
Homology of the urodelan parasphenoid
Homology of the urodelan nasal
Homology of the skull roofing bones in urodelans
Homology of the urodelan squamosal
Chapter 3. Evolution of the structural pattern of the amphibian bony skull
The establishment of the amphibian structural type of the dermal cranial base
The establishment of the amphibian structural type of the dermal cranial roof
The establishment of the amphibian structural type of the dermal cranial cheek region
Chapter 4. Summary
Monophyletic origin of recent amphibians
Artikelname: Frogs of Australia
Artikelbeschreibung:
This book introduces the Australian frog fauna and includes a painting of, and distribution maps for each of the 213 species and 5 sub-species of Australian frogs currently recognised in 2003, mostly based on Dr. H.G. Coggers taxonomy. More than 110 new species of Australian frogs have been discovered and described since 1960. The five Families of frogs found within Australia are dealt with, followed by details of the Genera within each of the Families. The individual species are arranged in alphabetical order using their common name. However a Quickfind index is provided at the front of the book to enable those familiar with scientific names to go directly to any Family, Genus or specific species. The text on each species has clear, precise information. The information in this book is presented in such a way, so as to make of value to readers from the layperson, naturalist through to the scientist. Indeed anyone who may have an interest in learning more about the Frogs of Australia. The comprehensive reference list gives the reader access to thousands of scientific papers and articles for further reading.
Contents
Quick Find Index. List of currently recognised Species and Sub-species of Australian frogs
INTRODUCTION
How old are Frogs?, Common Names, Zoological Names, Species & Sub-species, Descriptions and Distribution
Diagnostic Characters in Frogs
The Frogs of Australia: The Families
Family Myobatrachidae (Southern Frogs) The Genera
Family Hylidae (Tree Frogs) The Genera
Family Microhylidae (Narrow-mouthed Frogs) The Genera
Family Ranidae (True Frogs) The Genus
Family Bufonidae (True Toads) The Genus
Conservation
The Frogs of Australia: the SPECIES & SUB-SPECIES
Artikelname: Reptiles of the Solomon Islands
Artikelbeschreibung:
This book provides comprehensive accounts of 85 reptiles, which represent all the currently known species occurring in this island archipelago. Most importantly, the natural histories of the living animals are given in detail, and almost all species - including many colour variants - are depicted in large, full-colour photographs. While Reptiles of the Solomon Islands is essentially a field guide, it is compiled in such a way as to be of use not only for professional biologists working in the field or museum, but also for the interest of amateur naturalists and travellers in Solomon Islands. In fact anyone with an appreciation for the natural history of this group of beautiful South Pacific islands will find this book a worthwhile addition to their library. Michael McCoy lived in Solomon Islands for 26 years, working as a photographer and writer. He has published several books, worked as a consultant on a number of television documentaries, and his photographs have appeared widely in regional and international publications. He now lives in Australia.
"During the 26 years Mike McCoy lived in the Solomons, he visited nearly all the islands in the archipelago and is widely regarded as one of the foremost authorities on the reptile fauna of the Solomons. He is also an extraordinarily gifted photographer with a keen eye for detail, an indefatigable field worker and an old and close friend. Since the publication of the first field guide in 1980, he has continued his studies, making many additional discoveries, and this fine book is the culmination of those efforts."
Contents
Map of Solomon Islands
Introduction
Crocodiles, Family Crocodylidae
Marine Turtles, Family Cheloniidae
Leatherback Turtle, Family Dermochelyidae
Agamid Lizards, Family Agamidae
Geckos, Family Gekkonidae
Skinks, Family Scincidae
Monitor Lizards, Family Varanidae
Blind Snakes, Family Typhlopidae
Boas, Family Boidae
File Snakes, Family Acrochordidae
Colubrid Snakes, Family Colubridae
Elapid Snakes, Family Elapidae
Literature Cited and Further References
Glossary
Island Check Lists
Index of scientific names
Artikelname: The Amphibians of Belarus: Advances in Amphibian Research, vol. 10
Artikelbeschreibung:
This book summarizes the results of a long-term investigation of amphibian distribution, ecology and morphology in the Republic of Belarus. For all amphibian species, Triturus vulgaris, T. cristatus, Bombina bombina, Pelobates fuscus, Bufo bufo, B. viridis, B. calamita, Hyla arborea, Rana temporaria, R. arvalis, R. ridibunda, R. lessonae and Rana esculenta, geographical and habitat distribution, assemblage structure, feeding, activity, reproduction and development are described. Detailed analysis of morphological variation and the differentiation of populations by landscape regions are given. Regional problems of anthropogenic pressure and methodology of species conservation are discussed. The book may also serve a guide to the amphibians of Belarus and may well be used by both specialists and amateurs.
Contents
Chapter 1. Materials and Methods
Chapter 2. Physical and Geographical Characterization of Belarus
Chapter 3. Systematic Overview
Smooth Newt, Triturus vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758)
Great Crested Newt, Triturus cristatus (Laurenti, 1768)
Fire-Bellied Toad, Bombina bombina (Linnaeus, 1761)
Common Spadefood, Pelobates fuscus (Laurenti, 1768)
Common Toad, Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758)
Green Toad, Bufo viridis Laurenti, 1768
Natterjack Toad, Bufo calamita Laurenti, 1768
Common Tree Frog, Hyla arborea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Common Frog, Rana temporaria Linnaeus, 1758
Moor Frog, Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842
Marsh Frog, Rana ridibunda Pallas, 1771
Pool Frog, Rana lessonae Camerano, 1882
Edible Frog, Rana esculenta Linnaeus, 1758
Chapter 4. Structure of Assemblages and Synecology
4.1. Dynamics of Faunistic Complexes
4.2. Structural Organization of Assemblages
4.3. Habitat Distribution and Population Number
4.4. Trophic Structure
Chapter 5. Phenotypic Variability of Populations
5.1. Intraspecific Variability of Morphometric Characters of the Moor and the Common Frogs
5.2. Interpopulation Variability of Morphometric Characters of the Moor and the Common Frogs
5.3. Analysis of Variability of Phenetic Structures of Moor and Common Frog Populations
Chapter 6. Reproduction and Development
6.1. Phenology of Reproduction
6.2. Spawning
6.3. Embryonic and Larval Development
Chapter 7. Anthropogenic Influences and Conservation
7.1. Main Anthropogenic Factors
7.2. Current State and Dynamics of Populations
7.3. Conservation Measures
Conclusions
List of Sites and Structure of Amphibian Associations
Artikelname: The Frogs of New Guinea and the Solomon Islands
Artikelbeschreibung:
This is a book about the frogs of New Guinea, where they came from, how they live and why there are so many species. It is not intended to be a taxonomic treatise and no new species are described, nor are any major taxonomic changes proposed. With over three hundred species now recognised in the Papuan biogeographic region, it has not been possible to give more that a short specific description of each but a full bibliography will facilitate readers' access to original descriptions or subsequent revisions, should this be needed. References to the widely scattered literature on the frog fauna of the region is, for the first time, brought together under one cover. The author lived, taught and carried out research in Papua New Guinea for twenty-five years and is now a visiting reserach fellow at the University of Adelaide in Australia and, concurrently, Emeritus Professor of Biology at the Universty of Papua New Guinea. He has published numerous papers on the biology of New Guinea's mammals and amphibians and, in conjunction with anthropologist and botanist colleagues, on ethnozoology and flora.
Contents
The frog fauna of the New Guinea region
Diversity
Biology
Topography, geology, climate and vegetation, the background to frog diversity in New Guinea
Topography
Geology
Climate
Vegetation
The origin and biogeography of New Guineas frogs
Biogeography
Origins
Patterns in distribution
Description and identification
Systematic accounts
Bufonidae
Myobatrachidae
Ranidae
Hylidae
Microhylidae
The preservation of frogs for further study
Appendix A. Graphic illustrations of selected frog calls
Appendix B. Distribution maps for selected genera and species
Appendix C. Additional species, described in 2005, but not included in the species accounts
Glossary
Gazeteer
References
Index